Treat hurry cases

Scouting first aid has long used the phrase “hurry cases” for emergencies where seconds matter — these four can turn fatal in the time it takes to look up what to do, so this requirement is about acting immediately, not researching on the spot.

Stopped Breathing

Check for responsiveness and breathing. If the person isn’t breathing, have someone call for emergency help immediately while you begin rescue breaths or CPR if you’re trained. Don’t wait to see if breathing resumes on its own.

Stroke

Watch for sudden facial drooping, arm weakness, and slurred speech — remembering these as “F.A.S.T.” (Face, Arms, Speech, Time) helps under pressure. Call for emergency help immediately and note the time symptoms started; treatment for stroke is extremely time-sensitive.

Severe Bleeding

Apply firm, direct pressure to the wound with a clean cloth or dressing, and keep the pressure on continuously rather than checking underneath repeatedly. If bleeding soaks through, add more material on top rather than removing the first layer. Call for emergency help for any bleeding that doesn’t stop with direct pressure.

Ingested Poisoning

Call Poison Control or emergency services immediately, and be ready to describe what was ingested, how much, and when. Do not induce vomiting unless a poison control specialist or medical professional specifically tells you to — some substances cause more damage coming back up.